Bulimia is a complex and multidimensional illness that does not always manifest in the same way.
- Bulimia nervosa is characterized by repeated episodes of binge eating, or hyperphagia, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting to avoid weight gain.
- These episodes can occur several times a week or sometimes daily.
- After the compensation phase, a temporary feeling of control may arise where the person promises themselves never to give in to such compulsions again. However, the vicious cycle is often fueled by the excessive food restriction that follows, only setting the stage for a new binge attack.
Often misunderstood, bulimia is not limited to the reductive image of a thin person indulging in vomiting. In reality, it encompasses a variety of behaviors and body weights, from the use of laxatives and diuretics to excessive exercise without direct purging.
Triggers for bulimia
Bulimia, also known as bulimia nervosa, is characterized by repeated episodes of binge eating, or hyperphagia, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting to prevent weight gain. For some people, this may involve taking high doses of laxatives, or several hours of exercise per day.
These episodes can occur several times a week or sometimes daily. The first phase of the disorder is often triggered by emotional factors such as stress, anxiety or low self-esteem, which cause the person to seek comfort in food.
The crisis and compensation
During the binge phase, the person consumes large quantities of food in a short period of time, often without even being fully aware of it or appreciating the taste. This behavior is usually followed by intense feelings of guilt and shame that lead to compensatory behaviors.
This is when compensation comes in, in the form of purging with vomiting or the use of laxatives, or non-purgative, such as fasting or excessive exercise.
The quest for control and relapse
After the compensation phase, a temporary feeling of control may arise where the person promises themselves never to give in to such compulsions again. However, the vicious cycle is often fueled by the excessive food restriction that follows, only setting the stage for a new binge attack.
This repetitive pattern highlights the importance of treating bulimia not only as an eating disorder but also as a deeply rooted psychological disorder. If you feel concerned, do not hesitate to contact the “Anorexia Bulimia, Info Listen” telephone line on 09 69 325 900 of the French Anorexia Bulimia Federation (FFAB).
Find out more: “Binge eating disorder in adults: Practical guide to moving towards recovery” by Alice Hussonnois.