Diet plays an important role in the development of type 1 diabetes in children: a recent study explores the impact of fruits, vegetables and berries on this chronic disease.
- Diet may play a role in the development of type 1 diabetes as a child grows.
- The objective of this new study was to examine whether the consumption of fruits, vegetables and berries is associated with the development of diabetes in children who are genetically at risk.
- For example, bananas are associated with an increased risk of type 1 diabetes in children.
In a recent study published in THE Journal of Clinical Nutrition, researchers were interested in the impact of fruits, berries and vegetables on the development of type 1 diabetes in children. They explored the beneficial effects of these foods on inflammation, the gut microbiota and the prevention of this chronic disease.
Also called insulin-dependent diabetes, it is an autoimmune condition in which the immune system attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Half of cases occur before the age of 20. In addition to genetic factors, diet may play a role in the development of this complex disorder.
Type 1 diabetes: fruits, berries and vegetables have a protective effect
Fruits, berries and vegetables are known for their high content of essential nutrients, vitamins, minerals and fiber. Thanks to their composition, they are known for their beneficial effects on inflammation. Indeed, the antioxidants and bioactive compounds present in these foods, such as flavonoids, have anti-inflammatory properties. Studies have shown that regular consumption of fruits, berries, and vegetables is associated with decreased inflammation in the body.
In the specific context of type 1 diabetes, researchers found that these products were beneficial for the protection of the islets of Langerhans, which are responsible for the production of insulin in the pancreas. High consumption of vitamin C, present in large quantities in many fruits and vegetables, is associated with a reduced risk of islet autoimmunity.
Intestinal microbiota: fruits and vegetables help fight type 1 diabetes
The intestinal microbiota, also called intestinal flora, is a complex ecosystem made up of billions of bacteria living in our digestive tract. Recent research has highlighted the importance of the microbiota in health and the prevention of many diseases, including autoimmune diseases.
Fruits, berries and vegetables, rich in fiber and nutrients, can play a key role in modulating the intestinal microbiota. By increasing diversity and promoting a healthy balance of gut bacteria, eating these foods can potentially protect against autoimmune diseases, including childhood type 1 diabetes. Studies have shown that microbes found inside fruits and vegetables, as well as those on their surfaces, may have anti-inflammatory properties. However, it should be noted that prolonged storage and processing processes, such as washing, peeling and cooking, can reduce microbial diversity and therefore exposure to these beneficial microbes, particularly in urban environments where hygiene is high.
Fruits and berries: pay attention to their carbohydrate content
It is important to consider that fruits, berries and vegetables may also pose some potential risks when it comes to diabetes. First, it is important to note that these foods, although they contain several health-promoting compounds, may also contain pesticides. Some pesticide residues may be present, particularly in fruits and vegetables exported from countries outside the European Union.
Additionally, some fruits and vegetables, such as apples and bananas, have a higher carbohydrate content compared to others. Excessive consumption of these foods can contribute to an increased risk of diabetes in children. It should be remembered that this study was observational and focused on growing children. Additional studies are needed to deepen our understanding of the links between fruit, berry, and vegetable consumption and the risk of type 1 diabetes in children.
