Researchers have shown that a commonly used anti-inflammatory can reverse memory loss in mice with Alzheimer’s disease.
For decades, researchers have worked to counter it and reduce its effects of Alzheimer’s disease. A study appeared in Nature Communications shows the effectiveness of a drug already used as an analgesic in memory loss linked to Alzheimer’s.
Mefenamic acid, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is prescribed especially for painful period cramps. Researchers at the University of Manchester have studied the effect of this molecule on mice genetically modified to develop Alzheimer’s disease.
Using a mini-pump under the skin, half of the 20 rodents received mefenamic acid for a month, the other half a placebo. This inactive substance is intended to compare the effects of a treatment apart from its psychological aspect. They observed in those really treated a complete reversal of memory loss, with recall capacities identical to those of non-sick mice.
Inflammation of the brain
Mefenamic acid targets the pro-inflammatory NLRP3 pathway – known to damage the brain – by reducing inflammation in the brain. But “there is experimental evidence that strongly suggests that inflammation in the brain worsens Alzheimer’s disease,” said David Brough, lead author of the study.
It is also the first time that research has looked into this path, and it proves how important it is in this condition. Further studies are needed to verify that the molecule acts similarly in humans.
A phase 2 test request has also been filed to obtain a proof of concept. If these first steps are successful, it will take at least another ten years to develop a safe drug, including 6 to 7 years of clinical trials.
But since the molecule is already used in other therapeutic indications, the marketing authorization could intervene more quickly. This is good news because Alzheimer’s disease affects 900,000 people in France, including 225,000 new diagnoses each year, according to the Ministry of Health. The authors of the study point out, however, that, like any drug, mefenamic acid has side effects, including nausea, diarrhea, dizziness, or even heart failure. It should therefore not be used against the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease before studies have validated the efficacy and safety of the molecule for this indication.
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