It is a world first. Japan will launch tests of stem cells induced pluripotent (iPS) in humans. Clinical trials will be conducted on six patients with Macular degeneration (AMD) in its wet form (the most severe). This eye disease is the leading cause of blindness in people over 55 in industrialized countries.
Concretely, skin cells taken from the arms of patients will be genetically reprogrammed to become cells of the retina and be reimplanted on patients. For this, Prof. Masayo Takahashi and his team will ensure that these adult cells return to an almost embryonic stage. The genetically modified cells should express four genes, genes that are inactive in the adult stage. These iPS cells will then be able to multiply and differentiate into any type of cell in the body.
A first step to verify the effectiveness of the method
In the case of our Japanese researchers ‘test, pluripotent cells will if all goes well into retinal cells to regenerate patients’ diseased eyes.
This experience is expected to last eight months. It will be necessary to wait to know the results and to check the absence of possible side effects (immune reaction for example), before moving up a gear.
