Draw the world map on a glass sphere and project this drawing on a sheet of paper that you have folded around it like a cylinder. This creates the well-known world map in the so-called Mercator projection. Unfortunately, this distorts the map so that objects appear larger the further away from the equator. An evil conspiracy by some, but in fact the best we could do in 1569 (and long after).
If you want to get a good idea of the true size of countries, please visit thetruesize.com where you can drag and drop countries into other countries to really compare them.
Click the link above to download for free
The True Size – How big are countries really?