Commonly used to treat allergies, antihistamines can be invaluable in reducing symptoms. But you still have to use them well… A few tips for taking this drug treatment properly.
- Taken to prevent allergy-related hives, sneezing and watery eyes, antihistamines aren’t always used wisely, researchers say in a new study.
- This new work details the different types of antihistamines on the market, and shows in particular that they cannot be used to reduce asthma or eczema, and have no effect in the event of anaphylactic shock.
In France, it is estimated that between 25 and 30% of the population suffers from allergies, whether it is asthma (between 7 and 10% of the population), allergic rhinitis or allergic conjunctivitis (15 to 20 % Population).
To relieve symptoms such as sneezing, hives and watery eyes, antihistamines are often prescribed. Indispensable in the medicine box, especially in the spring with the arrival of pollen, these drugs have a special feature: they act on a molecule, histamine, secreted by the body during allergic reactions, and which is largely involved in allergic symptoms.
To be taken orally or nasally, antihistamines block the action of histamine at specific receptors, which has the effect of reducing allergic symptoms such as runny nose and tears, but also skin rashes.
A new study, published by McMaster University (Canada) and published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal shows, however, that although common, antihistamines are not always well used by patients with allergy. “This post comes just in time for the spring allergy season and the launch of COVID vaccines, where rashes are common and antihistamines may be helpful”says Derek Chu, an allergy expert and clinical researcher at McMaster University.
When should you take antihistamines?
This is the first question answered by the study. Its authors recall that they can be used to relieve the symptoms of hay fever and hives, but not for asthma, eczema, cough or insomnia.
What are the different types of antihistamines?
First-generation antihistamines, known as anticholinergics, are prescribed less and less because they are associated with significant side effects, including drowsiness and reduced cognitive function. Overdose can lead to death and they are potentially dangerous for young and old people.
The antihistamines of “2and generation”, so-called H1 antihistamines are newer and do not have such significant side effects, in particular drowsiness because they diffuse less in the central nervous system. They are only available on prescription.
When should antihistamines not be used?
Antihistamines should not be used instead of epinephrine to treat anaphylaxis, which is a generalized, multi-organ allergic reaction. Oral medications, on the other hand, can be used alongside epinephrine injections to treat anaphylactic shock, but they do not replace them.
Can antihistamines be used during pregnancy?
Most antihistamines are safe to use during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Medical research has shown that antihistamines in normal doses do not harm the fetus during pregnancy and can be used while breastfeeding. They are also safe for children.
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