Many scientific studies have been carried out since the start of the coronavirus epidemic to try to find out whether antibodies are present in breast milk. The results of a recent research have just confirmed the presence of IgA specific to Sars-Cov-2 in breast milk.
Analysis of human milk samples
There is little data regarding the possible protection against Covid-19 via breast milk. Despite traces of antibodies to Sars-Cov-2 found in newborns of infected mothers, evidence was lacking. That was until American researchers analyzed 15 breast milk samples from 15 women infected with the coronavirus. The study was conducted at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City. They demonstrated the presence of antibodies, and in particular of immunoglobulins A in these samples. The milk was collected between 3 and 4 weeks after the symptoms disappeared. As the authors of the study put it: “ All human milk samples obtained from COVID-19 recovered donors contain significant levels of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgA “. According to scientists, the immune response is robust. It could even be that the antibodies which are in the milk could potentially be the subject of a therapeutic avenue, particularly effective in the treatment of the disease, in particular for the severe forms.
Antibodies produced by the body
The human body produces several immunoglobulins, proteins secreted by the blood serum, when a bacteria or a virus enters the cells. Immunoglobulins A (IgA) are present in large quantities in the respiratory tract, to fight infection quickly. They are also found in secretions, such as mucus, saliva, sweat, and breast milk. IgM is mainly found in the blood. In addition, they are the first antibodies produced when an infection occurs. This is therefore proof that an infection is in progress. As for IgG, they represent 75% of the immunoglobulins present in the blood. These antibodies are made a little later but have the advantage of staying in the body longer after infection. Of the 15 samples analyzed, 80% showed a strong IgA response directed against Sars-Cov-2. Also, 67% of the samples contained IgM and / or IgG. These antibodies associate directly with Spike, a protein on the surface of the coronavirus. This process is necessary to stop the infection.
More research needs to be done, as there is still a lot to discover about the anti-Covid immunity of breast milk, its benefits for the breastfed baby and for possible treatment for Covid.
